基于ARM单片机的128x64LCM应用（串行接口）
已有 233 次阅读 2010-08-18 09:14基于ARM单片机的128x64LCM应用（串行接口）
ARM单片机是32位的，而51单片机是8位的，功能上ARM单片机要大大优于51单片机，而其价格已经很低了，从发展的眼光看，ARM单片机将会占据单片机应用的大部分份额。
本人使用的是周立功公司推出的Easy ARM1138开发板，它除了具有32位ARM Cortex-M3内核的LM3S1138单片机之外，还内嵌有USB接口的仿真调试器，开发调试非常方便。
关于128x64LCM的串行接口，在我的博文“基于51单片机的内含汉字库的LCM（二）”中已有详述，串行数据传输的时序图如下所示。
⒈ 硬件设计
128x64LCM工作于串行模式时只需3根线（若LCD的CS固定接VCC，则只需2根线），包括电源共5根杜邦线与开发板相连，如下图所示。
⒉ 软件设计
为了进行比较，同样要求在LCD屏上循环显示一首唐诗和电脑桌面图形，因此其流程图与“基于51单片机的内含汉字库的LCM（二）”中的基本相同，如下所示。需要注意的是，ARM单片机为了减少功耗，对于未使用的I/O口及其功能都是关闭的。
由于流程图很相近，故程序也相差不大，如下所示。可以把这两个程序放在一起进行比较，对于学习掌握ARM单片机会大有好处。
// 串行12864模块,CS-PF0,SID-PF1,SCLK-PF2
// 包含必要的头文件
#include <hw_types.h>
#include <hw_memmap.h>
#include <hw_sysctl.h>
#include <hw_gpio.h>
#include <sysctl.h>
#include <gpio.h>
// 将较长的标识符定义成较短的形式
#define SysCtlPeriEnable SysCtlPeripheralEnable
#define SysCtlPeriDisable SysCtlPeripheralDisable
#define GPIOPinTypeIn GPIOPinTypeGPIOInput
#define GPIOPinTypeOut GPIOPinTypeGPIOOutput
#define uchar unsigned char
//定义LCD
#define CS GPIO_PORTF_BASE,GPIO_PIN_0
#define SID GPIO_PORTF_BASE,GPIO_PIN_1
#define SCLK GPIO_PORTF_BASE,GPIO_PIN_2
// 定义全局的系统时钟变量
unsigned long TheSysClock = 12000000UL;
// 延时
void Delay(unsigned long ulVal)
{
while ( --ulVal != 0 );
}
// 系统初始化
void SystemInit(void)
{
SysCtlLDOSet(SYSCTL_LDO_2_50V); // 设置LDO输出电压
SysCtlClockSet(SYSCTL_USE_OSC | //系统时钟设置，采用主振荡器
SYSCTL_OSC_MAIN |
SYSCTL_XTAL_6MHZ |
SYSCTL_SYSDIV_1);
TheSysClock = SysCtlClockGet(); //获取系统时钟，单位：Hz
}
/************************************************************
*朝辞白帝彩云间,千里江陵一日还,两岸猿声啼不住,轻舟已过万重山.
*************************************************************/
unsigned char ts[4][16]=
{
{
0xb3,0xaf,0xb4,0xc7,0xb0,0xd7,0xb5,0xdb,0xb2,0xca,0xd4,0xc6,0xbc,0xe4,0xa3,0xac
},
{
0xc7,0xa7,0xc0,0xef,0xbd,0xad,0xc1,0xea,0xd2,0xbb,0xc8,0xd5,0xbb,0xb9,0xa3,0xac
},
{
0xc1,0xbd,0xb0,0xb6,0xd4,0xb3,0xc9,0xf9,0xcc,0xe4,0xb2,0xbb,0xd7,0xa1,0xa3,0xac
},
{
0xc7,0xe1,0xd6,0xdb,0xd2,0xd1,0xb9,0xfd,0xcd,0xf2,0xd6,0xd8,0xc9,0xbd,0xa1,0xa3
}
};
void send_command(uchar command_data)
{
uchar i,i_data=0xf8;
Delay(10 * (TheSysClock / 4000)); // 延时约10ms
GPIOPinWrite(CS,1);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,0);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
if(i_data&0x80)
GPIOPinWrite(SID,1<<1);
else
GPIOPinWrite(SID,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,1<<2);
i_data=i_data<<1;
}
i_data=command_data;
i_data&=0xf0;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
if(i_data&0x80)
GPIOPinWrite(SID,1<<1);
else
GPIOPinWrite(SID,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,1<<2);
i_data=i_data<<1;
}
i_data=command_data;
i_data=i_data<<4;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
if(i_data&0x80)
GPIOPinWrite(SID,1<<1);
else
GPIOPinWrite(SID,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,1<<2);
i_data=i_data<<1;
}
GPIOPinWrite(CS,0);
}
void send_data(uchar command_data)
{
uchar i,i_data=0xfa;
Delay(10 * (TheSysClock / 4000)); // 延时约10ms
GPIOPinWrite(CS,1);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
if(i_data&0x80)
GPIOPinWrite(SID,1<<1);
else
GPIOPinWrite(SID,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,1<<2);
i_data=i_data<<1;
}
i_data=command_data;
i_data&=0xf0;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
if(i_data&0x80)
GPIOPinWrite(SID,1<<1);
else
GPIOPinWrite(SID,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,1<<2);
i_data=i_data<<1;
}
i_data=command_data;
i_data=i_data<<4;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
if(i_data&0x80)
GPIOPinWrite(SID,1<<1);
else
GPIOPinWrite(SID,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,0);
GPIOPinWrite(SCLK,1<<2);
i_data=i_data<<1;
}
//GPIOPinWrite(CS,0);
}
void display_cpubbs()
{
uchar command_data=0x01,m,n;
send_command(command_data); /*清DDRAM*/
for(m=0;m<4;m++)
{
switch(m)
{
case 0:command_data=0x80; break;
case 1:command_data=0x90; break;
case 2:command_data=0x88; break;
case 3:command_data=0x98; break;
}
send_command(command_data);
for(n=0;n<16;n++)
{
command_data=ts[m][n];
send_data(command_data);
}
}
}
/********电脑桌面数据********************/
uchar dnzm[]=
{
0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xFF,0xF0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xBF,0xFF,0xDC,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x1F,0xFF,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xBF,0xFF,0xBC,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x7F,0xFF,0xB8,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x7F,0xFF,0x78,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x19,0xFF,0xFE,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0xFF,0xFF,0x70,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0xFF,0xFE,0xF0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x0C,0x01,0xFF,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x05,0xFF,0xFE,0xE0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x0C,0x7F,0xD0,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x05,0xFF,0xFD,0xE0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x06,0x00,0x0F,0xB0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0B,0xFF,0xFD,0xC0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x06,0x03,0xFC,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0B,0xFF,0xFB,0xC0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x03,0x1F,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x17,0xFF,0xFB,0x80,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x17,0xFF,0xF7,0x80,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x17,0xFF,0xF7,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x09,0xFF,0xEF,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x00,0xF6,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x7F,0xEF,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x03,0xC2,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x9F,0xDE,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x3B,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x67,0xDF,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x60,0x00,0xE3,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0xBF,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x03,0x8E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x06,0x3C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xFF,0xC0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x00,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xEF,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x03,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x1F,0x80,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x1F,0xC0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x3C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x07,0xE0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x06,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x1F,0xE0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x07,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x3F,0xC0,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x05,0x40,0x88,0x04,0x01,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x0A,0x81,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x20,0x02,
0x80,0x79,0x21,0x08,0x02,0x21,0x49,0x00,0x00,0xF2,0x42,0x10,0x04,0x47,0x10,0x02,
0x80,0x09,0x07,0xDF,0x7F,0xF7,0xAA,0x00,0x00,0x12,0x0F,0xBE,0x7F,0xE5,0xFE,0x02,
0x80,0x7F,0xF4,0x51,0x08,0x81,0x2C,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xE8,0xA2,0x44,0x47,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x09,0x04,0x61,0x08,0x81,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x12,0x08,0xC2,0x7F,0xC5,0x4A,0x02,
0x80,0x0B,0x24,0x51,0x08,0x83,0x81,0x00,0x00,0x16,0x48,0xA2,0x44,0x45,0x6A,0x02,
0x80,0x1D,0x47,0xC9,0x05,0x05,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x3A,0x8F,0x92,0x44,0x47,0x52,0x02,
0x80,0x68,0x84,0x49,0x05,0x05,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0xD1,0x08,0x92,0x7F,0xC5,0x6A,0x02,
0x80,0x09,0x94,0x41,0x02,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x13,0x28,0x82,0x44,0x05,0x4A,0x02,
0x80,0x0E,0x57,0xC1,0x0D,0x81,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0xAF,0x82,0x04,0x29,0x42,0x02,
0x80,0x38,0x34,0x4E,0x70,0x71,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x68,0x9C,0x03,0xEB,0x7E,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,
0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFE
};
/*********显示图形子函数**********/
void display_photo()
{
uchar i,j,k=0x80;
send_command(0x3c); //设置8BIT控制，绘图OFF
for(i=0;i<32;i++)
{
send_command(k); //设置绘图区的Y地址坐标
k=k+1;
send_command(0x80); //设置绘图区的X地址坐标
for(j=0;j<16;j++)
send_data(dnzm[i*16+j]);
}
k=0x80;
for(i=0;i<32;i++)
{
send_command(k); //设置绘图区的Y地址坐标
k=k+1;
send_command(0x88); //设置绘图区的X地址坐标
for(j=0;j<16;j++)
send_data(dnzm[512+i*16+j]);
}
send_command(0x30);
send_command(0x01);
send_command(0x3e); //设置8BIT控制，绘图ON（显示图形）
}
// 主函数（程序入口）
int main(void)
{
SystemInit(); // 系统初始化
SysCtlPeriEnable(SYSCTL_PERIPH_GPIOF); //使能GPIO F口外设
GPIOPinTypeOut(GPIO_PORTF_BASE ,0xFF); //GPIO F为输出
Delay(100 * (TheSysClock / 4000)); // 延时约100ms
for (;;)
{
send_command(0x30); /*功能设置:一次送8位数据,基本指令集*/
send_command(0x0C); /*显示设定:开显示*/
send_command(0x01); /*清DDRAM*/
display_cpubbs();
display_photo();
Delay(3000 * (TheSysClock / 4000)); // 延时约3s
}
}
本人使用的是IAR EWARM（IAR Embedded Workbench for ARM）集成开发环境，利用周立功公司提供的工程模板，输入以上的源程序，点击菜单“Project”→“Mark”进行编译，或按F7键，根据提示修改错误，再进行编译直至无错误为止 。
3 软件调试
编译无误后即可点击菜单“Project”→“Dbuge”下载源程序的机器码至开发板(或按Ctrl+D)，同时在桌面上出现了几个调试用的快捷按钮——运行（go）、运行到光标处（Run to Cursor）、步出（Step Out）、步入（Step Into）、步越（Step Over）、停止（Break）、复位（Reset）等。通过选择上述不同的快捷按钮，以及观察变量的值（点击菜单“View”→“Watch”在Expression中输入变量名，即可在Value中看到该变量的值；或将光标悬停在某变量上，即可看到该变量的值），来调试程序，直至一切无误后即可全速运行了（点击快捷按钮go）。
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